Majolica |
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Formerly an earthenware with an opaque luster glaze
and overglaze colored decorations, but currently
designating any decorated earthenware having an
opaque glaze. (ASTM C 242).
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Marble mosaic tile |
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Tile made of small marble tesserae that vary
slightly in size, usually about one half inch square
and mounted on sheets of paper to facilitate
installation. (CTI)
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Marble tiles |
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Marble cut into tile sizes twelve (12) inches square
or less, usually % inch to 3/4 inch thick. Several
types of finishes are made, polished, honed, split
faced, etc.
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Masking power |
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The ability of a fired glaze to mask visually the
body on which it is applied. (ASTM C 242).
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Master Grade certificate |
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A certificate that states tile listed in the
shipment and described on the certificate are made
in accordance with TCA 137.1-76. Mastic. Organic
tile adhesive.
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Mastic grout |
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A chemical mixture of organic and inorganic
ingredients forming a one part grouting composition
that is used directly from the manufacturer's
container.
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Mat glaze |
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A colorless or colored ceramic glaze having low
gloss. (ASTM C 242).
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Maturing range |
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The time-temperature range within which a ceramic
body, glaze, or other composition may be fired to
yield specified properties. (ASTM C 242-72)
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Medium duty tile |
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Tile suitable for pedestrian traffic such as
entryways in multiple dwellings and lobbys. Melt. To
change a solid into a liquid by the application of
heat; or the liquid resulting from such action.
(ASTM C 242).
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Metal quarry tile rack |
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Metal quarry tile racks are available in many
patterns, and they can be made to order for special
patterns. They are used to maintain the same width
between the quarry tiles.
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Mexican paver tile |
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Terra cotta-like tile, used mainly for floors, and
handmade. These tile vary in color, texture and
appearance, from tile to tile and within each tile.
They are available in squares up to 12 inches,
hexagon, octagon, elongated hexagon, fleur de lis
and other shapes. These tile are coated with various
types of sealers because of their soft absorptive
characteristics. The coatings provide a wearing
surface on the pavers which would otherwise powder
away under wear. (CTI)
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Mill scale |
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The oxide layer formed during the hot rolling of
metals, such as that formed on hot-rolled
reinforcing bars.
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Mineral aggregate |
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Aggregate consisting essentially of inorganic
nonmetallic materials.
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Mix |
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The act or process of mixing; also mixture of
materials, such as mortar or concrete.
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Mixer |
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A machine used for blending the constituents of
concrete, grout, mortar, cement paste, or other
mixture.
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Mixer efficiency |
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The adequacy of a mixer in rendering a homogeneous
product within a stated period; homogeneity is
determinable by testing for relative differences in
physical properties of samples extracted from
different portions of a freshly mixed batch.
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Mixer nontilting |
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A horizontally rotating drum mixer that charges,
mixes, and discharges without tilting.
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Mixer plant |
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See Batch plant.
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Mixer, colloidal |
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A mixer designed to produce colloidal grout.
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Mixer, horizontal shaft |
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A mixer having a stationary cylindrical mixing
compartment, with the axis of the cylinder
horizontal, and one or more rotating horizontal
shafts to which mixing blades or paddles are
attached.
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Mixer, open-top |
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A truck-mounted mixer consisting of a trough or a
segment of a cylindrical mixing compartment within
which paddles or blades rotate about the horizontal
axis of the trough. (See also Mixer, horizontal
shaft.)
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Mixer, pan |
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ee Mixer, vertical shaft.
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Mixer, tilting |
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A rotating drum mixer that discharges by tilting the
drum about a fixed or movable horizontal axis at
right angles to the drum axis. The drum axis may be
horizontal or inclined while charging and mixing.
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Mixer, vertical shaft |
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A cylindrical or annular mixing compartment having
an essentially level floor and containing one or
more vertical rotating shafts to which blades or
paddles are attached; the mixing compartment may be
stationary or rotate about a vertical axis.
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Mixing cycle |
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The time taken for a complete cycle in a batch
mixer, i.e., the time elapsing between successive
repetitions of the same operation (e.g., successive
discharges of the mixer).
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Mixing speed |
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Rotation rate of a mixer drum or of the paddles in
an open-top, pan, or trough mixer, when mixing a
batch; expressed in revolutions per minute (rpm), or
in peripheral feet per minute of a point on the
circumference at maximum diameter.
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Mixing time |
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The period during which the constituents of a batch
of concrete are mixed by- a mixer; for a stationary
mixer, time is given in minutes from the completion
of mixer charging until the beginning of discharge;
for a truck mixer, time is given in good mixing in a
specific mixing speed or expressed in terms of total
revolutions at a specific mixing speed.
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Mixing water |
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The water in freshly mixed sand-cement grout,
mortar, or concrete, exclusive of any previously
absorbed by the aggregate (e.g., water considered in
the computation of the net water-cement ratio).
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Mixture |
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The assembled, blended, co-mingled ingredients of
mortar, concrete, or the like; or the proportions
for their assembly.
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Modular ratio |
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The ratio of modulus of elasticity of steel E, to
that of concrete E, usually denoted by the symbol n.
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Modulus of deformation |
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A concept of modulus of elasticity expressed as a
function of two time variables; strain in loaded
concrete as a function of the age at which the load
is initially applied and of the length of time the
load is sustained.
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Modulus of rigidity |
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The ratio of unit shearing stress to the
corresponding unit shearing strain; referred to as
"shear modulus" and "modulus of elasticity in
shear"; denoted by the symbol G. (See also Modulus
of elasticity.)
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Modulus of rupture |
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A measure of the ultimate loadcarrying capacity of a
beam and sometimes referred to as "rupture modulus"
or "rupture strength". It is calculated for apparent
tensile stress in the extreme fiber of a transverse
test specimen under the load which produces rupture.
(See also Flexural strength.) NOTE: The actual
stress in the extreme fiber is less than the
apparent stress since the flexure formula employed
in the calculation is valid only for stresses within
the proportional limit of the material;
nevertheless. the nominal rupture strength so
obtained is considered the rupture modulus.
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Modulus of subgrade reaction |
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Ratio of load per unit area of horizontal surface
(of a mass of soil) to corresponding settlement of
the surface; it is determined as the slope of the
secant, drawn between the point corresponding to
zero settlement and a specified point on the
load-settlement curve obtained from a plate load
test on a soil using a 30 in. or greater diameter
loading plate.
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Moist room |
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A room in which the atmosphere is maintained at a
selected temperature (usually 23.0±1.7 C or
73.4-13.0 F) and a relative humidity of at least 98
percent, for the purpose of curing and storing
cementitious test speciment; the facilities must be
sufficient to maintain free moisture continuously on
the exterior of test specimens.
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Moisture expansion |
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An increase in dimension or bulk volume of a ceramic
article caused by reaction with water or water
vapor. (ASTM C 242). NOTE: This reaction may occur
in time at atmospheric temperature and pressure, but
is expedited by exposure of the article to water or
water vapor at elevated temperatures and pressures.
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Moisture movement |
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1. The movement of moisture through a porous medium;
2. The effects of such movement on efflorescence and
volume change in hardened cement paste, mortar,
concrete, or rock.
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Mold |
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1. A divider containing a cavity into which neat
cement, mortar, or concrete test specimens are cast;
2. A form used in the fabrication of precast mortar
or concrete units (e.g., masonry units).
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Mold oil |
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A mineral oil that is applied to the interior
surface of a clean mold, before casting concrete or
mortar therein, to facilitate removal of the mold
after the concrete or mortar has hardened. (See also
Form oil, Bond breaker, and Release agent).
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Moment |
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The colloquial expression for the more descriptive
term bending moment.
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Moment distribution |
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A method of structural analysis for continuous beams
and rigid frames whereby successive converging
corrections are made to an assumed set of moments
until the desired precision is obtained; also known
as the Hardy Cross method.
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Monochrome decoration |
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A single color decoration. (ASTM C 242).
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Monocottura (Single-Fired) |
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A term used for tile manufactured by a process which
allows the simultaneous firing of the clay with the
glaze producing a finished tile with a single
firing.
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Monolith |
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A body of plain or reinforced concrete cast or
erected as a single integral mass or structure.
Monolithic concrete. Concrete cast with no joints
other than construction.
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Monolithic terrazzo |
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The application of a 5/a in. (15 mm) terrazzo
topping directly to a specially prepared concrete
substrata, eliminating an underbed.
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Monolithic topping |
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On flatwork: a higher quality, more serviceable
topping course placed promptly after the base course
has lost all slump and bleeding water. Monomer. An
organic liquid, of relatively low molecular weight,
that creates a solid polymer by reacting with itself
or other compounds of low molecular weight or both.
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Monomolecular |
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Composed of single molecules; specifically, films
that are one molecule thick. Denotes a thickness
equal to one molecule (e.g., certain chemical
compounds develop a "monomolecular film" over
bleeding water at the surface of freshly placed
concrete or mortar as a means of reducing the rate
of evaporation).
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Montmorillonite |
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See Montmorillonoid. Montmorillonoid. A group of
clay minerals, including montmorillonoite,
characterized by a sheet-like internal molecular
structure; consisting of extremely finelydivided
hydrous aluminum or magnesium silicates that swell
on wetting, shrink on drying, and are subject to ion
exchange.
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Mortar |
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A mixture of cement paste and fine aggregate; in
fresh concrete, the material occupying the
interstices among particles of coarse aggregate; in
masonry construction, mortar may contain masonry
cement, or may contain hydraulic cement with lime
(and possibly other admixtures) to afford greater
plasticity and workability than are attainable with
standard hydraulic cement mortar. (See also Cement,
masonry and Masonry mortar).
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Mortar hoe |
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The mortar hoe is used for hand-mixing mortar. The
best type has a perforated blade and a handle about
66" in length. The hoe should be kept clean and free
of all mortar so it can be pushed and pulled easily
through a box of mortar.
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Mortar mixer |
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Most mortar mixers are driven by gasoline combustion
engines of 11/~ horsepower or greater, depending on
the type of sack mix. Electrically driven mixers are
used when small batches of mortar are needed. The
quality of machine-mixed mortar far exceeds that of
hand-mixed mortar.
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Mortar pumping machine |
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The mortar pumping machine is used with the mortar
mixer. Mixed mortar is poured into the hopper, and a
pneumatic gun forces the mortar through a hose. The
mortar can be delivered through the hose to
tilesetters working as high as 13 stories above the
street. Admixtures are added to the mortar as a
bonder so that the mortar in the hose will not
separate. The plastering gun can be used on the
hose, or the hose can be used as a hoist.
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Mortarboard |
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The mortarboard is used as a table to hold mortar.
It is usually 30" square.
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Mosaics |
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Small tile or bits of tile, stone, or glass. These
are used to form a surface design or an intricate
pattern.
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Mounted tile |
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Tile assembled into units or sheets by suitable
material to facilitate handling and installation.
Tile may be face-mounted, back-mounted or
edge-mounted. Face-mounted tile assemblies may have
paper or other suitable material applied to the face
of each tile, usually by water soluble adhesives so
that it can be easily removed after installation but
prior to grouting of the joints. Back-mounted tile
assemblies may have perforated paper, fiber mesh,
resin or other suitable material bonded to the back
and/or edges of each tile which becomes an integral
part of the tile installation. Back-mounted and
edgemounted tile assemblies shall have a sufficient
exposure of tile and joints surrounding each tile to
comply with bond strength requirements._ Tile
manufacturers must specify whether back-mounted and
edge-mounted tile assemblies are suitable for
installation in swimming pools, on exteriors and/or
in wet areas.
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Mud |
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A slang term for mortar.
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Mullite |
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A rare mineral of theoretical composition 3A1203
2Si02, a relatively stable phase in ceramics
produced by the high temperature reaction of alumina
and silica or by the thermal decomposition of
aluminasilica minerals such as kyanite, sillimanite,
andalusite, and various clay minerals. (ASTM C 21).
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Mullite porcelain |
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A vitreous ceramic whiteware for technical
application in which mullite (3AI,0, - 2Si0,) is the
essential crystalline phase. (ASTM C 242-72) Mullite
whiteware. Any ceramic whiteware in which mullite
(3A1,0, - 2SiO,) is the essential crystalline phase.
(ASTM C 242).
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Murals |
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Tile installed in a precise area of a wall or floor
to provide a decorative design or picture. Glass or
marble mosaic tile (tesserae) made to form a picture
or design. Ceramic tile, painted and fired to form a
picture or design. See Decorated and Decoration.
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Muriatic acid |
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Hydrochloric acid (30% HCL), commercial grade.
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